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Wright, D.A., E.M. SetzlerHamilton, J.A. Magee, V.S. Kennedy, and S.P. McIninch, 1996.
Effect of Salinity and Temperature on Survival and Development of Young Zebra (Dreissena polymorpha) and Quagga (Dreissena bugensis)
Mussels, University of Maryland.
Reprinted with Permission from Estuaries (1996) 19(3): 619-628
Effect of Salinity and Temperature on Survival and Development of Young Zebra (Dreissena polymorpha) and Quagga (Dreissena bugensis) Mussels
Abstract
We reared larval zebra mussels, Dreissena polymorpha, and quagga mussels,
D. bugensis, through and beyond metamorphosis (settlement) at salinities of 0-8
parts per thousand. Juvenile zebra mussels gradually acclimated to 8 parts per
thousand and 10 parts per thousand have been reared at these salinities for over
8 mo. Tolerance to both higher temperatures and higher salinities increases with
larval age in both species (though zebra mussel embryos and larvae have a
greater degree of salinity tolerance than quagga mussel embryos and larvae).
Thus, only 6% of 3-day-old zebra mussel veligers survived after exposure to 4
parts per thousand for 8 additional days, whereas there was 22% survival of
veligers placed in 4 parts per thousand at day 13 and grown to settlement 11 d
later. Zebra mussel pediveligers, acclimated to increasing salinity in 2 parts
per thousand increments beginning at day 23, continued to survive and grow in 8
parts per thousand after 5-mo exposure, though the growth rates of these
juveniles were significantly less than those of juveniles reared in lower
salinities. Quagga mussels did not metamorphose and settle as quickly as zebra
mussel pediveligers. No quagga mussel pediveligers had settled before exposure
to artificial fresh water (AFW), 2 parts per thousand, 4 parts per thousand, 6
parts per thousand, and 8 parts per thousand on day 30. Percent settlement of
these quagga mussel juveniles (based on 100% survival at the start of
experiments on day 30) was 90% in AFW, 67% at 2 parts per thousand, 69% at 4
parts per thousand, 46% at 6 parts per thousand, and 0.1% at 8 parts per
thousand.
Contact: David Wright, Center for Environmental and Estuarine Studies, University of Maryland, P.O. Box 38, Solomons, MD 20688
Key Words: Zebra_mussel, Quagga_mussels,
Basic_biology
Product Type: Research, Basic_biology
User Type: General
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